Speaker
Description
Co-rotating interaction regions (CIRs) are formed at the interface of the background slow solar wind and the fast solar wind emanating from coronal holes. Their high velocities and plasma pressures shape the heliosphere and are one of the main drivers of geomagnetic storms. The recently formed fleet of spacecraft in the heliosphere, including Parker Solar Probe, Solar Orbiter and BepiColombo, offer an unprecedented dense coverage of solar wind measurements between 0.1AU – 1.5AU. To take optimal advantage of the various spacecraft constellations, we developed a solar wind model based on the simultaneous in-situ measurements from the multiple spacecraft. The data points are being propagated with the in-situ measured speed away from the Sun. Upon encounter of slower data points, the modeled plasma parcels interact by inelastically colliding with each other. Based on the model results we investigate the evolution of solar wind characteristics and corotating interaction regions over distance. Due to the co-rotating nature of CIRs, the resulting 2D map produces a reasonable forecast at Earth or Mars, even at larger longitudinal separations between the single spacecraft. We present a statistical evaluation of P2D model results for historical data covering recent years with respect to different longitudinal, latitudinal and radial separation of the spacecraft as well as give an outlook to the application of P2D for space weather forecast up to Mars distance.
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