Speaker
Description
Understanding ionospheric plasma dynamics under disturbed space weather conditions is critical for ensuring the reliability of satellite-based communication and navigation systems especially in the context of technological expansion into sensitive regions such as the Arctic. This study conducts a comparative investigation of ionospheric plasma responses to geomagnetic storm events during the recent solar minimum (May, August, October 2024, and January 2025) across three key equatorial regions: Africa, South America, and Asia. Using a distributed network of GNSS dual-frequency receivers and ground-based magnetometers, Total Electron Content (TEC) maps were generated to assess spatiotemporal variations in ionospheric structure. The results reveal significant plasma irregularities, including the occurrence of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) and Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances (TIDs), with distinct regional differences in onset time, intensity, and propagation. These variations are influenced by underlying geomagnetic and electrodynamic conditions specific to each region. The insights gained contribute to advancing global ionospheric weather characterization and support broader space weather resilience strategies relevant not only to equatorial systems but also to high-latitude environments like the Arctic where GNSS vulnerability is pronounced. This work aligns with the ESWW2025 theme by emphasizing the global interconnectedness of space weather impacts and the need for robust forecasting models and observational coverage across diverse geophysical zones.
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