Speaker
Description
Systematic study of solar energetic particles (SEPs) provides the necessary basis to understand their origin, acceleration and propagation in the interplanetary space. It is believed that SEPs are produced following solar eruptive processes, such as solar flares and/or coronal mass ejections. SEPs can be accelerated to the GeV/n range, yet the bulk are with energies of about 100 MeV/n. In the case when SEPs are in the GeV range, they can induce an atmospheric cascade in the Earth’s, atmosphere which secondary particles can be registered by ground-based detectors, such as neutron monitors (NMs). This class of events is called ground-level enhancements (GLEs). A quite interesting event occurred on 11 May 2024. It was observed by NMs and particle detectors aboard spacecraft in near-Earth orbit. The event was observed during the deep phase of a significant Forbush decrease and one of the strongest geomagnetic storms. The disturbed interplanetary space and geomagnetic conditions make the analysis of this event particularly challenging. Here we present results from observations and analysis of this event focusing of NM data records. We derived the spectral and angular characteristics of the SEPs leading to this GLE. We modeled the particle propagation in the Earth’s magnetosphere and atmosphere. The solar protons spectra and pitch angle distributions were obtained in their dynamical development throughout the event. Several space weather impacts are discussed.
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