Speaker
Description
Track circuits were introduced in 1872 by Robinson in the United States and were quickly adopted around the world. The basic concept is to divide the railway line into blocks and only allow one train at a time into a specific block. Track circuits are used to detect the presence of a train and control the signals to prevent a following train from entering an occupied block of track. In the 1950s Swedish railways experienced problems with track circuit operation during geomagnetic disturbances. This prompted engineers and consultants working for SJ (the Swedish state railway) to undertake major investigations into modelling geomagnetic interference and measures to protect against geomagnetic disturbances. This work was published in Swedish but has recently been translated into English. This talk will describe the early geomagnetic effects on railways in Sweden, summarize the reports by Alm and Lejdström and Svensson published in 1956, and put their work into a modern context.
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